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Matura 2015 - Jesen - Engleski jezik - A

Matura iz engleskog jezika na jesenskom roku u 2015. godini.

Ispit čitanja

Pozorno pročitajte sve upute i slijedite ih.
Ispit Čitanja traje 70 minuta.

Ispit se sastoji od zadataka povezivanja, zadataka višestrukoga izbora i zadatka dopunjavanja.

U zadatcima povezivanja svaki sadržaj označen brojem povežite s odgovarajućim sadržajem koji je označen slovom (zadatci 1 i 3).
U zadatcima višestrukoga izbora od više ponuđenih odgovora odaberite samo jedan (zadatci 2 i 4).
U zadatku dopunjavanja dopunite praznine upisivanjem sadržaja koji nedostaje (zadatak 5).

Kada riješite zadatke, provjerite odgovore.
Želimo Vam mnogo uspjeha!

Task 1

You are going to read an article in which people talk about banning proms.
For questions 1-12, choose from the people A-F.
There is an example at the beginning (0).

Task 2

Read the article Giant-Man Stanley Cook.
For questions 13-18, choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Giant-Man Stanley Cook

Stanley Cook was in the Guinness Book of Records from 1967 to 1993 as the tallest man in England, where he was reported to have measured 8ft 4in (2.44m) - a fact that, his greatnephew, Jim Cook, who lives in Ontario, Canada, and has researched Stanley’s life, says is an exaggeration.

Stanley Cook was born in 1891 in London, the second youngest of four sons. After his father died on Christmas Day, 1899, his mother struggled to make ends meet, and Cook, then aged eight, and his two-year-old brother George were placed in care. “He was remarkably tall for his age,” said Jim Cook. “He was a happy boy, who realized it paid to entertain the others and make them laugh.” The brothers were sent to homes in Canada to learn agricultural skills, but Cook was unfit for farm work and, in 1909, he returned to England to find factory work.

In the spring of 1911, Cook was the tallest man in a parade of giants as part of the celebrations for the coronation of King George V. He was said to stand 7ft 4in tall, and the attention he received from the press and public was his first indication that his unusual height might be a means to make a living away from a factory. He was approached by Don Banks, who offered to find him work in Ashton’s Circus.

“Of course Stanley was a freak,” said his great-nephew, “and that’s what people paid to see. He was free to travel since he didn’t have a home of his own or anything to keep him where he was. And he was a happy, well-adjusted chap. He liked to talk to the public and see them enjoy themselves.” In June 1911 Cook earned his first salary as a professional giant in Ashton’s Circus at Chigwell in Essex.

“His height could be seen as a blessing,” said Jim Cook, “because it gave him a life he could never otherwise have enjoyed,” including a tour of Europe in early 1914. His picture appeared in newspapers all over the world. “Suddenly newspapers were reporting that he stood 8ft 11in.”

Jim Cook believes his manager, Don Banks, was the source of this. “He made the most of Stanley’s size. Of course Don ‘stretched’ the truth. He just wanted to bring in the crowds.” Stanley claimed he was 8ft 4in and continued to do so for the rest of his life. His doctor’s case notes say he stood 7ft 9in tall, which is now known to have been the case.

Stanley stayed with the circus until his death in 1918, aged 27. “He died young, but he had a unique life,’’ said Jim. “He travelled widely, had a good working relationship with Don, who never took advantage of him, and the circus provided him with a family.”

For Jim Cook, his great-uncle’s fame has enabled long-lost family members to find each other. “I’ve been to places I’d never have been, doing this research, from Canada to Britain, the States and Australia. The expenses have been huge, and well worth it. I’d say that its role in helping me reconnect with family has been its greatest gift to me. It’s nice to think that Stanley is still remembered after all these years.”

Task 3

Read the article about personality research.
For questions 19-24, choose from the sentences A-H the one which best fits the gap.
There are two letters which you do not need.
There is an example at the beginning (0)

The desire to define ourselves

Think of the last time you tried to describe someone, or attempted to explain your own behaviour to another person. Chances are you used words such as “shy” or “confident”, “friendly” or “reserved”. When trying to understand our own, or other people’s behaviour, we tend to fall back on these psychological categories without even thinking. (0) _. Of course, in reality none of us is so easily defined.

And yet the desire to define ourselves is undeniable. Personality, by which we generally mean the thoughts, feelings and behaviour that make each of us individual, fascinates and challenges us. (19) _. Meanwhile, our identity and relation to the world is defined in the categories psychologists and scientists have identified.

In reality, we are all made up of conflicting traits. (20) _. For example, we can be careful and controlling in one area but spontaneous thrill-seekers in another. So can the contradictory nature of human behaviour ever be neatly classified into a set of universal traits? The Victorians certainly thought so.

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, Sir Francis Galton pioneered an approach called lexical analysis, proposing that the most significant personality differences in people’s lives were encoded in their language. (21) _. This theory was debated and refined over the next 100 years. In 1936, US psychologists Gordon Allport and H. S. Odbert extracted almost 18,000 personality-describing words and reduced them to around 5,000 common traits.

Soon after, psychologist Raymond Cattell took those terms and reduced them further to 171 and then to 16. He then identified five broad traits that came to be known as “the big five”: openness, neuroticism, conscientiousness, extroversion and agreeableness. (22) _. If, say, you register high in openness, you are likely to be emotionally adventurous, willing to try new things and intellectually curious.

But what, you may be wondering, was the point of focusing so intently on personality research? What did researchers such as Galton and Cattell hope to gain? (23) _. Personality is only of interest to psychologists if it can give them information about how we’re likely to behave - now and in the future.

Rita Carter has recently published research which argues that people behave differently depending on context. (24) _. “Instead of saying we’re one particular type,” she says, “it is more complex. You need to examine each of our individual personalities and then look at how they fight each other.”

Are we entirely predictable creatures that can be classified according to a finite number of traits, or do we adapt according to our mood and situation? The debate continues.

Task 4

Read the text about life in the city.
For questions 25-32, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) that best fits each space.
There is an example at the beginning (0).

Life in the City

The pace of city life is obviously (0) _ hectic than that in the country. People in cities walk (25) _ average at 1 to 1.5 metres per second, considerably faster than in villages. For the past 30 years we (26) _ told the hurried pace of urban life is potentially more harmful. But research says that the noise and bustle of city life produces so much adrenaline that we become addicted to the excitement it gives us. We even speed up to maximise the (27) _ of the pleasure we start experiencing. For example, we try to do many things simultaneously, such as driving and talking on the phone.

We have adapted to city life in other ways too, learning to respect another person’s space so as (28) _ on their privacy. Shopping transactions take place (29) _ a distance of at least 1.5 metres, while friends talk a metre apart. These social rules allow us to retain our privacy but make the beginning of a friendship with strangers more difficult, (30) _ turns the city into a lonely place. The long-term city dweller has about 1,800 people whom they know and could potentially have a social interaction with; (31) _, they end up having no more than five.

One thing is certain. Enjoying city life would not be possible if the inhabitants (32) _ by a set of strict rules. The rules that make life in the city easier.

Task 5

Read and complete the text below.
Fill each space (33-40) with one word. Write your answer only here in the exam booklet.
There is an example at the beginning (0).

CERN

The European Organization for Nuclear Research, (0) _ as CERN, is an international organization (33) _ purpose is to operate the world’s largest particle physics laboratory. It is situated in the northwest suburbs of Geneva on the border of France and Switzerland and was established in 1954. Twenty European countries (34) _ part in its work. The name CERN also refers (35) _ the laboratory, which employs 2,400 full-time employees and hosts 10,000 visiting scientists and engineers, representing 113 nationalities.

CERN provides the accelerators and other equipment needed for high-energy physics research. Numerous experiments have been conducted (36) _ CERN by scientists from all over the world. It is the birthplace of the World Wide Web. CERN has a large and powerful computer centre for analysing experimental data and it (37) _ this data immediately available to researchers around the world.

After analysing trillions of collisions between protons, CERN’s researchers seem to (38) _ found the subatomic particle called the Higgs boson. This basic building block of the universe was imagined and named 50 years (39) _ by theoretical physicist Peter Higgs. The discovery of this particle opens the way to detailed studies which might result (40) _ an explanation of the way the universe was ordered after the chaos of the Big Bang.